Transportation paves the way for the hub of a powerful country, and posts and Telecommunications hel

1、 The transportation industry has developed vigorously and achieved a historic leap

The 70 years since the founding of new China have witnessed the continuous integration of transportation infrastructure and the significant improvement of comprehensive transportation support capacity; It has been 70 years since the transportation industry continuously deepened reform and made solid progress towards the goal of becoming a transportation power.

（1） The process of transportation reform has been accelerating, opening a new journey to become a powerful transportation country

In the early days of the founding of new China, a hundred wastes were waiting for prosperity, and the construction of transportation was gradually strengthened. At the beginning of the founding of new China, transportation was very backward. The total railway mileage in China is only 22000 kilometers. The highway mileage is only 81000 kilometers, and there is no expressway. There are 74000 kilometers of inland waterways, of which only 24000 kilometers are classified waterways. The mileage of civil aviation routes is 11000 kilometers, with only 12 routes. In the nearly 30 years from the founding of new China to the reform and opening up, transportation, as a leading field of the national economy, has gradually increased the intensity of infrastructure construction with the support of government policies and funds, and achieved phased results. However, in general, transportation supply lags behind demand growth, which has become one of the bottlenecks restricting the development of the national economy.

Reform and opening up has written a new chapter in economic development, and transportation has entered the fast lane of development. In the early stage of reform and opening up, with the advancement of economic system reform, the government made pioneering exploration in liberalizing the transportation market and establishing a socialized financing mechanism. For example, the railway implements the economic contract responsibility system; Introduce three policies to support highway development, such as raising the collection standard of road maintenance fees, levying vehicle purchase surcharges and "building roads with loans and paying back loans with fees"; The bidding system has been implemented for highway and water transportation construction projects. With the strengthening of reform and opening up, the construction of transportation infrastructure has accelerated, which has greatly alleviated the demand for transportation development due to social and economic development and the continuous upgrading of people's material life.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the reform has been comprehensively deepened and continuously promoted, and the construction of comprehensive transportation has made remarkable achievements. Since the 18th CPC National Congress, the construction of modern comprehensive transportation system has entered a new stage. The national transportation industry has made overall plans to promote the networked layout of infrastructure. The infrastructure construction of railway, highway, water transportation and civil aviation has made up for deficiencies and strengthened muscles and bones. The "five vertical and five horizontal" comprehensive transportation channels have been basically connected, the support capacity of transportation services has been significantly improved, and the role of the main artery of the national economy has become increasingly apparent. At this stage, the development of transportation has realized the phased transformation from "overall mitigation" to "basic adaptation", which provides a strong support for the sustained and rapid development of the national economy. China has also gradually moved from a "large transportation country" to a "powerful transportation country".

（2） The comprehensive transportation network is becoming more and more perfect, and a variety of transportation modes go hand in hand

The railway network extends vertically and horizontally, and the "four vertical and four horizontal" high-speed railway network has been completed and put into operation. After the establishment of new railway hubs in southwest and Northwest China, a large number of new lines have been built to communicate with China. A large number of Trunk Railways such as Chengdu Chongqing, Tianlan and Lanxin have been built one after another, extending to all provinces and regions except Tibet. By the end of 1978, China's railway operating mileage had increased to 52000 kilometers. After the reform and opening up, China's railway construction has advanced by leaps and bounds, the scale of the road network has been further expanded, and the quality of the road network has been significantly improved. By the end of 2018, the total operating mileage of Railways in China had reached 132000 kilometers, an increase of 5.0 times over 1949 and an average annual growth of 2.6%. Among them, the electrification mileage is 92000 kilometers and the double track mileage is 76000 kilometers. The electrification rate and double track rate reach 70.0% and 58.0% respectively.

The opening of Beijing Tianjin high-speed railway in 2008 marks the beginning of China's railway into the era of high-speed railway. After nearly a decade of rapid construction, the "four vertical and four horizontal" high-speed rail network has been completed and put into operation, and China has become one of the few countries in the world with high-speed rail network operation. By the end of 2018, the total operating mileage of high-speed rail was 30000 kilometers, 44.5 times that of 2008, with an average annual growth of 46.2%. The operating mileage of high-speed rail exceeded two-thirds of the total mileage of high-speed rail in the world, ranking the top in the world.

The highway network extends in all directions, and the highway construction has achieved remarkable results. After the founding of new China, on the basis of repairing the original roads, trunk roads such as kangzang and Sichuan Tibet have been built successively. By 1978, the national highway mileage had reached 89000 kilometers, 11.0 times that in the early days of the founding of new China. After the reform and opening up, the state has continued to increase investment in highway infrastructure construction, the total mileage of highways has increased rapidly, and the road network accessibility has been significantly improved. By the end of 2018, the total mileage of national roads had reached 4.85 million kilometers, 60.0 times that of 1949, with an average annual growth of 6.1%; The highway density reached 50.5 km / 100 square kilometers, and the highway density per 100 square kilometers increased by 49.6 km. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the state has carried out the construction of "four good rural roads" and implemented projects such as "100 key transportation poverty alleviation channel projects", so as to further improve the coverage and quality of rural roads. By the end of 2018, the mileage of rural roads will reach 4.04 million kilometers, and the number of villages and towns connected with hardened roads and organic villages will reach 99.6% and 99.5% respectively